Kugirango ugere ku gishushanyo cyiza cya PCB, usibye uburyo rusange bwo kuyobora, amategeko yubugari bwumurongo hamwe nintera nabyo ni ngombwa.Ibyo ni ukubera ko ubugari bwumurongo hamwe nintera bigena imikorere nuburinganire bwumuzunguruko.Kubwibyo, iyi ngingo izatanga intangiriro irambuye kumategeko rusange agenga ubugari bwumurongo wa PCB.
Ni ngombwa kumenya ko igenamiterere rya software rigomba gushyirwaho neza kandi amahitamo agenga igishushanyo mbonera (DRC) agomba gushyirwaho mbere yo kuyobora.Birasabwa gukoresha 5mil ya gride yo kuyobora, kandi kuburebure buringaniye 1mil irashobora gushirwaho ukurikije uko ibintu bimeze.
Amategeko y'ubugari bwa PCB:
1.Umuhanda ugomba kubanza kuzuza ubushobozi bwo gukora uruganda.Emeza uwukora ibicuruzwa hamwe nabakiriya kandi umenye ubushobozi bwabo bwo gukora.Niba nta bisabwa byihariye bitangwa nabakiriya, reba igishushanyo mbonera cya impedance kubugari bwumurongo.
2.Icyitegererezo cyerekana: Ukurikije uburebure bwibibaho byatanzwe hamwe nibisabwa kubakiriya, hitamo icyitegererezo gikwiye.Shiraho ubugari bwumurongo ukurikije ubugari bwabazwe imbere muburyo bwa impedance.Indangagaciro zisanzwe zirimo 50-imwe, itandukanya 90Ω, 100Ω, nibindi. Menya niba ikimenyetso cya 50Ω antenne kigomba gutekereza kubyerekeranye.Kubisanzwe PCB igaragara nkibisobanuro hepfo.
3.Nkuko bigaragara ku gishushanyo gikurikira, ubugari bwumurongo bugomba kuba bujuje ubushobozi bwo gutwara ibintu.Muri rusange, hashingiwe ku bunararibonye no gusuzuma inzira, umurongo w'ubugari bw'umurongo w'amashanyarazi urashobora kugenwa n'amabwiriza akurikira: Kugirango ubushyuhe buzamuke bwa 10 ° C, hamwe n'uburebure bwa 1oz bw'umuringa, ubugari bwa 20mil burashobora gukemura ikibazo kirenze urugero cya 1A;kuri 0.5oz yuburebure bwumuringa, ubugari bwumurongo wa 40mil burashobora gukora ibintu birenze urugero bya 1A.
4. Kubikorwa rusange byo gushushanya, ubugari bwumurongo bugomba guhitamo kugenzurwa hejuru ya 4mil, ishobora guhura nubushobozi bwo gukora mubakora PCB benshi.Kubishushanyo mbonera aho kugenzura impedance bidakenewe (cyane cyane imbaho 2), gushushanya ubugari bwumurongo hejuru ya 8mil birashobora gufasha kugabanya igiciro cyo gukora PCB.
5. Reba uburebure bwumuringa bugenewe urwego rujyanye na routing.Fata umuringa wa 2oz kurugero, gerageza gushushanya ubugari bwumurongo hejuru ya 6mil.Umuringa mwinshi, ubugari bwumurongo.Baza ibisabwa byo gukora muruganda kubishushanyo mbonera byumuringa bidasanzwe.
6. Kubishushanyo bya BGA bifite 0.5mm na 0,65mm, uburebure bwa 3.5mil burashobora gukoreshwa mubice bimwe (birashobora kugenzurwa namategeko agenga ibishushanyo).
7. Ibishushanyo mbonera bya HDI birashobora gukoresha ubugari bwa 3mil.Kubishushanyo bifite ubugari bwumurongo uri munsi ya 3mil, birakenewe kwemeza ubushobozi bwumusaruro wuruganda hamwe nabakiriya, kuko ababikora bamwe bashoboye gusa ubugari bwa 2mil gusa (birashobora kugenzurwa namategeko agenga ibishushanyo).Ubugari bwumurongo woroshye byongera ibiciro byinganda kandi byongera umusaruro.
8. Ibimenyetso bisa (nkibimenyetso byamajwi na videwo) bigomba kuba bifite umurongo muremure, mubisanzwe nka 15mil.Niba umwanya ari muto, ubugari bwumurongo bugomba kugenzurwa hejuru ya 8mil.
9. Ibimenyetso bya RF bigomba gukoreshwa numurongo muremure, hifashishijwe ibice byegeranye hamwe na impedance igenzurwa kuri 50Ω.Ibimenyetso bya RF bigomba gutunganyirizwa kumurongo winyuma, birinda ibice byimbere no kugabanya ikoreshwa rya vias cyangwa impinduka.Ibimenyetso bya RF bigomba kuzengurutswa nindege yubutaka, hamwe nibisobanuro byaba byiza ari umuringa wa GND.
Amategeko yo gutandukanya umurongo wa PCB
1. Amashanyarazi agomba kubanza kuzuza ubushobozi bwo gutunganya uruganda, kandi intera yumurongo igomba kuba yujuje ubushobozi bwumusaruro wuruganda, rusanzwe rugenzurwa kuri mil 4 cyangwa hejuru.Kubishushanyo bya BGA bifite 0.5mm cyangwa 0,65mm intera, intera yumurongo wa mil 3,5 irashobora gukoreshwa mubice bimwe.Ibishushanyo bya HDI birashobora guhitamo umurongo uri hagati ya mil 3.Ibishushanyo biri munsi ya 3 mil bigomba kwemeza ubushobozi bwo gukora uruganda rukora hamwe nabakiriya.Bamwe mubakora bafite ubushobozi bwo gukora mil 2 (kugenzurwa mubice byabugenewe).
2. Mbere yo gutegura umurongo utandukanya umurongo, banza usuzume uburebure bwumuringa busabwa.Kumuringa 1 ounce gerageza kugumana intera ya mil 4 cyangwa hejuru yayo, naho kumuringa 2 ounce, gerageza kugumana intera ya mil 6 cyangwa hejuru.
3. Igishushanyo mbonera cyerekana ibimenyetso bitandukanye bigomba gushyirwaho ukurikije ibisabwa kugirango inzitizi ikwiye.
4. Insinga zigomba kubikwa kure yikibaho hanyuma ukagerageza kwemeza ko ikibaho gishobora kugira ubutaka (GND).Komeza intera iri hagati yikimenyetso nimpande zibaho hejuru ya mil 40.
5. Ikimenyetso cyamashanyarazi kigomba kugira intera byibura mil 10 uvuye kuri GND.Intera iri hagati yindege nimbaraga zumuringa zigomba kuba byibura mil 10.Kuri IC zimwe na zimwe (nka BGAs) zifite umwanya muto, intera irashobora guhindurwa uko bikwiye byibuze byibuze mil 6 (igenzurwa ahantu hagenewe gushushanya).
6.Ibimenyetso by'ingenzi nk'amasaha, itandukaniro, n'ibimenyetso bisa bigomba kugira intera yikubye inshuro 3 ubugari (3W) cyangwa kuzengurutswa n'indege (GND).Intera iri hagati yumurongo igomba kubikwa inshuro 3 ubugari bwumurongo kugirango ugabanye umuhanda.Niba intera iri hagati yikigo cyimirongo ibiri itari munsi yikubye inshuro 3 ubugari bwumurongo, irashobora kugumana 70% yumurima wamashanyarazi hagati yumurongo utabangamiye, bizwi nkihame rya 3W.
7.Ibimenyetso byegeranye bigomba kwirinda insinga zibangikanye.Icyerekezo cyerekezo kigomba gukora imiterere ya orthogonal kugirango igabanye intera idakenewe.
8. Mugihe unyuze hejuru yubuso, komeza intera byibura 1mm uvuye mu mwobo kugirango wirinde imiyoboro migufi cyangwa imirongo itanyagurika kubera guhangayika.Agace kazengurutse imyobo igomba guhora isobanutse.
9. Mugihe ugabana ibice byimbaraga, irinde amacakubiri arenze urugero.Mu ndege imwe, gerageza kutagira ibimenyetso birenga 5 byamashanyarazi, cyane cyane mubimenyetso 3 byamashanyarazi, kugirango umenye ubushobozi bwo gutwara kandi wirinde ibyago byo kwambuka indege yacitsemo ibice byegeranye.
10.Ibice by'indege bigabanijwe bigomba kubikwa bisanzwe bishoboka, hatabayeho amacakubiri maremare cyangwa atavuga, kugirango wirinde ibihe aho impera nini nini hagati ari nto.Ubushobozi bwo gutwara bugomba kubarwa hashingiwe ku bugari bugufi bw'indege y'umuringa.
Shenzhen ANKE PCB Co, LTD
2023-9-16
Igihe cyo kohereza: Nzeri-19-2023
